Xanthine derivatives include- Theophylline. Aminophylline, Oxitriphylline,Etophylline

Refer Aminophylline

 Cardiac arrhthmias with sympathomimetics (especially with pre-existing cardiac disease).

Tachycardia with pancuronium.

Halothane potentiates cardiac arrhythmias.

Inhibition of metabolism by propranolol and cimetidine.

Erythromycin reduces clearance.

Phenobarb, phenytoin and rifampicin induce metabolism and clearance.

Sulphinpyrazone enhances clearance.

Chronic treatment with ephedrine and theophylline increases adverse effects.

Cal channel blockers inhibit drug metabolism

Quinolone antibiotics inhibit clearance.

Bronchial asthma

Xanthine derivatives include- Theophylline. Aminophylline, Oxitriphylline,Etophylline

Refer Aminophylline

Cardiac toxicity, neurotoxicity and seizures. Cardiac arrhthmias in pre-existing cardiac disease, tachycardia, anorexia, nausea, tremors, CNS excitation, hyperglycaemia.

Hypersens to xanthine derivatives.

Special precautions:

Not to be chewed or crushed. Do not administer concurrently with other xanthine medications. Caution in patients with severe cardiac disease, hypertension, hyperthyroidism, acute MI injury, CCF and history of peptic ulcer disease. Weigh risks againt benefit in pregnant women. Children.

Indications:

Bronchial asthma

Dosage: Initial dose- 16 mg/kg/24 hours or 400 mg/24 hours whichever is less. The above doses may be increased in approximately 25% increments at 3 day intervals so long the drug is well tolerated.

Refer aminophylline

Refer aminophylline

Refer aminophyllines

Refer aminophyllines