Salicylate intoxification and death(increased risks with large dose, young children high dose frequency, presence of occlusion either dressing or natural skin folds).

Dermititis, allergic response, Irritation, inflammation. Systemic absorption causes nausea, thirst, sweating, fatigue, fever and confusion.

Hypersens

Special precautions:

Neonates,lactation,pregnancy.

Indications:

Mild to moderate pain,fever.

Dosage:

325 to 625 mg every 4 hours as needed. Juvenille rheumatoid arthritis- 60 to 110 mg/kg/day in divided doses every 6 to 8 hours..

Drug/Lab interactions: Serum acid uric levels are elevated by salicylates less than 10 mg/dl; and decreased by levels greater than 10 mg/dl.

Combinations with phenylbutazone and salicylates decrease uric acid secretion and may increase serum uric acid by an average of 2mg/dl.: Salicylates compete with thyroid hormone for binding sites and increases protein bound iodine (PBI). salicylates in the urine result infalsely elevated VMA(vanilylmandelic acid). .

ASPIRIN- SALICYLATES Includes- salicylates, choline salicylate, sodium salicylates

Refer - ASPIRIN 

1. May cause GI upset; take with food or after meals.

2. Do not crush or chew sustained release preparations.

3.Patients allergic to tartrazine dye should avoid aspirin.

4. Do not use Asprin if it has a strong vinegar-like odor.

5. Allergies- tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to salicylates including methyl salicylates. Also tell your doctor if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, presevatives or dyes.

6.Pregnancy - studies on birth defects in human has not been done. However, salicylates caused birth defects in animal studies.

7.Breast feeding- salicylates pass into the breast milk. Although salicylates have not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies, it is possible that problems may occur if large amounts are taken as for arthiritis

8.Children- do not give aspirin ot other salicylates to child or a teenager with a fever or other symptoms of virus infection especially flu or chickenpox without first discussing its use with your child doctor. This is important because salicylates may cause a serious illnesss called Reys syndrome.

9.Elderly- are more sensitive to salicylates. This may increase the chance of side effects.

10. Other medicines - Anticoagulants or Carbenicilin or Cefamandole or Cefoperazone or Cefotetan or Dipyridamole or Divalproex or Heparin or Infalmmation or pain medicine Pentoxyfylline or Plicamycin or Ticarcillin or Valproic acid - taking these medicines together with salicylate especially aspirin, may increase the chance of bleeding.

Antidiabetics- salicylates may increase the efects of antidiabetic medicine, a change in dose may be needed Ciprofloxacin or Enoxacin or Itraconazole or Ketoconazole or Lomefoxacin Oflaxacin or Tretracycline - bufered aspirin, choline and magnesioum salicylates may keep these medicines from working properly it taken too close to them. Methotrexate Vancomycin - chance of serious side effects may be increased

Probenecid - salicylates can keep probenecid from working properly fot treating gout Sulfinpyrazole - salicylates can keep sulfinpyrazole from working properly for treating gout, also taking salicylate especially aspirin with sulfinpyrazole may increase chance of bleeding. Urinary alkaliners- these medicines may make the salicylates less effective by causing it to be removed from the body quickly.

10. Other medical problems - Tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems especially - Anemia or Overactive thyroid or Stomach ulcer -salicylates may make your conditions worse.

Asthma or Glucose-6-PD deficiency or High blod pressure or Kidney diseasse or Liver disease - chance of side effects may be increased

Gout- salicylates can make condition worse also lessen effects of the medicine Heart diseasse - chance of side effects may be increased. Caffeine present in some aspirin products can make some heart diseasse worse. Hemopliia or bleeding problems- chance of bleeding may be increased especially with aspirin.

11. Missed dose - If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. however, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not double doses.

12. Storage - Keep out of reach of children. Store away from heat or direct sunlight. Do not store the capsule in bathroom, near the kitchen sink, or in other damp places.

13. Outdated medicines - Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed. Be sure that any discarded medicine is out of reach of children.

Pharmacology:

Salicylates have analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic effects.Salicylates lower elevated body temperature through vasodilatation of peripheral vessels, thus enhancing dissipation of excess heat. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity may be mediated through inhibition of prostaglandin synthetase enzyme complex.

Pharmacokinetics:

Salicylates are rapidly and completely absorbed after oral use. Aspirin is partially hydrolysed to salicylic acid during absorption and distributed to all bodytissues and fluids. Salicylic acid is eliminated by renal excretion,and hasa a half-life of 15 to 20 minutes.

Not significant.

Aspirin may produce adverse maternal effects. Avoid using Aspirin especially during third trimester Lactation: Salicylates are excreted in breast milk, and considered a potential risk.