Brand Information

Strength	Rate	Packing Style
mg	0.00	unit

Drug Interaction:

Drug interactions-

Viloxazine decreases the elimination rate of theophyline (eg.TheoDurf), carbamazepine

(eg Tegretrol ) and phenytoin (eg Dilantin), possibly by competing for the same

microsomal enzymes.

When Viloxazine was added to a stable regimen of these drugs, theophyline toxiciy

was reported (no levels avialble) , carbamazepine level by 55% and those of its

active metabolites by 16%, and phenytoin levels by an average of 36%

Indication:

Depression

Summary-

Viloxazine is a safe and effective antidepressant with a somewhat different side effect

profile than the tricyclic antidepressants, althogh it is most likely to be used in patients

with narcolepsy and cataplexy.

Available data has not established whether viloxazine has any advantages over currently

available agents. Additional studies in specific populations of patients are needed to

establish its place in therapy.

Viloxazine currently has an orphan drug status for treatment of cataplexy and narcolepsy.

An NDA was filed in July 1987 for viloxazine which will be available as Catatrol by Zeneca

Adverse Reaction:

Side effects-

Nausea is the most commonly reported side effect, with an average incidence of 19%, but

some studies have reported an incidence as high as 50%.

Nausea progressing to vomiting was reported in 4.7% of patients. These effects may be

minimised by initiating therapy with low doses accompanied by slow, upward dosage

titration

Headache is also commonly reported.

Less freqently reported side effects include - insomina, taste disturbances, hypomania,

mania, dizziness,.tachycardia, ataxia, tremor, confusion, restlessness, dry mouth,

constipation, drowsiness, difficult micturation, seizures

The anticholergic -related side effects appear to occur less frequently than with the

tricyclic agents

Pharmacology/ Pharmacokinetics:

Pharmacology-

Viloxazine is a bicylic antideprssant agent. It has noradenergic reuptake blocking

properties, and acts in part as an amphetamine -like central stimulant . Overall

sympathomimetic , sedative and anticholinrgic activity is less seen with the tricyclic

antidepresants(eg imiprime eg Torfranil)

Conflicting data has been reported on the effects of vilaxazine on the seizure threshold,

with some reports indicating that seizure risk is greater, while claiming it is less seen

with traditional tricyclic.

Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and overall sleep time is markedly reduced with viloxazine.

It does appear to potentiate the effect of alcohol.

Pharmacokinetcs-

Viloxazine is rapidly and almost completely (85%) absorbed after oral administration in

the small intestine. Peak blood levels occur 1 to 4 hours after ingestion, however no

correlation has been established between blood levels and clinical response.

Volume of distribution is extensively metabolised by hydroxylation and oxidation of

inactive metabolites in the liver. Only 12 to 15% of the parent compound is eliminated

unchanged by the kidneys . In patients > 60 years of age, there apperas to be a reduction

in viloxazine clearance, possibly due to decreaseed hepatic metabolism .

Specific dosage guidelines in the elderly and patients with hepatic dysfunction have not

been established

Clinical trials-

Viloxazine was an effective antidepressant in controlled clinical trials of both hospitaziled

and outpatient populations with depression. Its efficacy appears to be equivalent to

impiramine, with a 60% response rate.

Published trials have not examined whether the efficacy rates vary with types of depression.

Viloxazine has been studied in small groups of patients with narcolepsy and cataplexy

( a form of narcolepsy characterized by periods of momentary paralysis),this appears

to a potential target population.

Fewer sleep attacks were reported during treatment.

CATATROL*

Drug Interaction

Indication

Adverse Reaction

Pharmacology/ Pharmacokinetics

Drug Interaction:

Indication:

Adverse Reaction:

Pharmacology/ Pharmacokinetics:

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